Formulas and Functions Help
- Welcome
- Intro to formulas and functions
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- ACCRINT
- ACCRINTM
- BONDDURATION
- BONDMDURATION
- COUPDAYBS
- COUPDAYS
- COUPDAYSNC
- COUPNUM
- CUMIPMT
- CUMPRINC
- CURRENCY
- CURRENCYCODE
- CURRENCYCONVERT
- CURRENCYH
- DB
- DDB
- DISC
- EFFECT
- FV
- INTRATE
- IPMT
- IRR
- ISPMT
- MIRR
- NOMINAL
- NPER
- NPV
- PMT
- PPMT
- PRICE
- PRICEDISC
- PRICEMAT
- PV
- RATE
- RECEIVED
- SLN
- STOCK
- STOCKH
- SYD
- VDB
- YIELD
- YIELDDISC
- YIELDMAT
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- AVEDEV
- AVERAGE
- AVERAGEA
- AVERAGEIF
- AVERAGEIFS
- BETADIST
- BETAINV
- BINOMDIST
- CHIDIST
- CHIINV
- CHITEST
- CONFIDENCE
- CORREL
- COUNT
- COUNTA
- COUNTBLANK
- COUNTIF
- COUNTIFS
- COVAR
- CRITBINOM
- DEVSQ
- EXPONDIST
- FDIST
- FINV
- FORECAST
- FREQUENCY
- GAMMADIST
- GAMMAINV
- GAMMALN
- GEOMEAN
- HARMEAN
- INTERCEPT
- LARGE
- LINEST
- LOGINV
- LOGNORMDIST
- MAX
- MAXA
- MEDIAN
- MIN
- MINA
- MODE
- NEGBINOMDIST
- NORMDIST
- NORMINV
- NORMSDIST
- NORMSINV
- PERCENTILE
- PERCENTRANK
- PERMUT
- POISSON
- PROB
- QUARTILE
- RANK
- SLOPE
- SMALL
- STANDARDIZE
- STDEV
- STDEVA
- STDEVP
- STDEVPA
- TDIST
- TINV
- TTEST
- VAR
- VARA
- VARP
- VARPA
- WEIBULL
- ZTEST
Function basics
A function is a named operation that you can include in a formula to perform calculations, retrieve information or manipulate data.
Each function has a name followed by one or more arguments. You use arguments to provide the values that the function needs to perform its work.
Functions are described using specific syntax elements and terms. Here are some things to keep in mind:
Function names are shown in all uppercase text. However, if you enter a function name by hand, you can enter it using any combination of uppercase or lowercase letters.
When entering functions by hand, you must enclose the function arguments in parentheses.
Italic text indicates you must replace the argument name with a value the function will use to calculate a result. Arguments have a value type.
The syntax descriptions for functions use commas to separate arguments. If you’ve set your preferences to use the comma as a decimal separator, separate arguments using a semicolon instead of a comma when typing functions by hand.
For specific instructions on how to accomplish tasks in the app you're using, see the help that accompanies the app. In the macOS apps, look under the Help menu. In the iOS and iPadOS apps, tap the More menu (three dots in the top-right corner), then tap Numbers Help. (If you can’t see Numbers Help, swipe up from the bottom of the controls). In the iCloud apps, click the Question Mark button in the top-right corner.