Keyboard shortcuts in Grapher on Mac
You can use keyboard shortcuts to quickly enter equations and view 3D graphs.
You can also choose Window > Show Equation Palette, or use the Add Elements pop-up menu to the right of the Equation field to insert special operators or characters. To see a complete list of all supported constants and functions, choose Help > Show Built-In Definitions.
Special characters
Operator or character | Shortcut | ||||||||||
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Fraction (½) | / | ||||||||||
Exponent or superscript (x³) | ^ | ||||||||||
Index or subscript (k0) | _ (underscore) | ||||||||||
Square root (√2) | Option-V | ||||||||||
Root (³√27) | Shift-Option-V | ||||||||||
Sum () | Option-W | ||||||||||
Product ( ∏ ) | Shift-Option-P | ||||||||||
Integral ( ∫ ) | Option-B | ||||||||||
Pi () | Option-P |
Equation tips
Task | Tips | ||||||||||
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Enter equations and functions | Type them as you would ordinarily write them. For example, x = 2y or f(t) = 1 + 3t | ||||||||||
Enter a constant value | Use = or :=. For example, k = 1 or k :=1 | ||||||||||
Enter multiple values for a constant | Enclose the values in braces. For example, k = { 1, 2, 3 } | ||||||||||
Enter a range of values | Use ellipses (...). For example, k = { 1...10 } or k = { 0, 5, 10...15 } | ||||||||||
Combine definitions | Use a comma. For example, x = 1 + cos(3k-y), k={ 1...5 } |
3D graphs
Action | Shortcut | ||||||||||
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Move | Press and hold the Command key as you drag. | ||||||||||
Rotate | Press and hold the Option key as you drag. | ||||||||||
Zoom in and out | Press and hold the Shift key as you drag. |