Use Reference Mode on your iPad Pro

The Liquid Retina XDR display and Ultra Retina XDR display on your iPad Pro can display reference colour for popular colour standards, as well as SDR and HDR video formats.

What is Reference Mode?

Reference Mode is a display mode for professional content creation workflows, such as colour grading, editing and content review, where accurate colours and consistent image quality are critical.

To use Reference Mode, you'll need:

  • One of the following devices:

    • iPad Pro 13-inch (M4)

    • iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

    • iPad Pro 12.9-inch (5th or 6th generation)

  • iPadOS 16 or later

When Reference Mode is turned on, your iPad Pro will display reference colour for these common colour standards and video formats, up to 1,000 nits peak brightness for HDR and 100 nits peak brightness for SDR:

  • BT.709

  • BT.601 SMPTE-C

  • BT.601 EBU

  • sRGB

  • HDR10 BT.2100 PQ

  • BT.2100 HLG Dolby Vision Profile 8.4

  • Dolby Vision Profile 5

Reference Mode enables your iPad Pro to match the colour requirements of your workflow. It targets a D65 white point and disables all dynamic display adjustments for ambient surround, such as True Tone, Auto-Brightness and Night Shift. You can also adjust the white point and luminance manually. Unsupported formats are colour managed as they would be in the default display mode.

You can also use Reference Mode with Sidecar to create a consistent reference workflow across your iPad and Mac.

Reference Mode may affect battery life.

Turn Reference Mode on or off

  1. Open the Settings app, then tap Display & Brightness.

  2. Tap Advanced.

    An iPad showing the Display & Brightness settings with the Advanced menu selected.

  3. Turn Reference Mode on or off.

Use Fine-tune Calibration

Use Fine-Tune Calibration to maintain the reference colour accuracy of your display by adjusting the white point and luminance. Input the values that you measure using an external instrument and test pattern. iPadOS automatically adjusts the display to match your white point and luminance target.

  1. Open the Settings app, then tap Display & Brightness. Then tap Advanced, and make sure that Reference Mode is on.

    An iPad showing the Advanced Display & Brightness settings. Reference Mode is on.

  2. Use an external instrument to measure a test pattern. Note the values you measure.

  3. Go back to the Settings app, then tap Display & Brightness. Tap Advanced, then tap Fine-Tune Calibration.

    An iPad showing the Fine-Tune Calibration settings, where you can adjust the measured and target white point and luminance.

  4. Tap the space next to each setting to enter a value. Enter the values you measured in the Measured fields. Enter your target values for white point and luminance in the Target fields.

  5. When you've finished, tap Done. Your iPad Pro display will adjust to match your white point and luminance target.

Here are the descriptions of what to enter in the Measured and Target fields:

  • Measured White Point (x): The x chromaticity coordinate (CIE 1931 xyY) when measuring a white or grey test pattern.

  • Measured White Point (y): The y chromaticity coordinate (CIE 1931 xyY) when measuring a white or grey test pattern.

  • Measured Luminance (cd/m2): The Y luminance value (CIE 1931 xyY) when measuring a white or grey test pattern.

  • Target White Point (x): The x chromaticity coordinate (CIE 1931 xyY) of your target white point.

  • Target White Point (y): The y chromaticity coordinate (CIE 1931 xyY) of your target white point.

  • Target Luminance (cd/m2): The Y luminance value (CIE 1931 xyY) of your target luminance.

To remove any previously applied Fine-Tune Calibration, tap Restore Defaults.

Download test patterns

You can use QuickTime movie test patterns from Apple to evaluate the calibration of your iPad Pro. These appropriately colour-tagged references allow you to use your in-house measurement instrument to fine-tune the white point and luminance calibration of your display.

  1. Go to the AVFoundation Developer page.

  2. In the Related Resources section, click Colour Test Patterns to download the test files.

  3. In the Files app, decompress the QuickTime-Test-Pattern.zip archive. Each set of test patterns includes a Reference Values.txt file that lists the expected chromaticity and luminance for each test pattern.

Only the following QuickTime test pattern sets are recommended for iPad Pro:

  • HDR10_ST2084

  • SDR_BT601_NTSC_SMPTE_C

  • SDR_BT601_PAL_EBU

  • SDR_BT709_HDTV

Check your setup and environment

When measuring a test pattern and fine-tuning your display:

  • Align your measurement instrument to the centre of the display.

  • Verify that your instrument is perpendicular to the surface of the display.

  • Make sure that the room is dim or dark to prevent stray light or glare from affecting the measurements.

  • Make sure the display has warmed up for at least 30 minutes and is thermally stable.

  • Measure and fine-tune in an environment with ambient temperatures of 77°F/25°C or cooler.

  • You don't need to remove an existing Fine-Tune Calibration before measuring and applying a new one.

Range limits for Fine-Tune Calibration

  • The data fields for the three measured values have static valid input ranges so that you can measure a wide range of test patterns.

  • The achievable ranges for the target x and y data fields are calculated based on the measured x and y values and any existing Fine-Tune Calibration.

  • The achievable range for target luminance is calculated based on the measured x, y and luminance values, the target x and y values, and any existing Fine-Tune Calibration.

  • Achievable ranges for the target data fields are shown next to the fields.

  • If you enter a value that is outside of the achievable range, the range is highlighted in red.

If your desired target value is outside the displayed range

It may be a result of one or more of the following:

  • Measurement values from your instrument may not be correct. Verify that your instrument is perpendicular to the display and aligned to the centre of the test pattern.

  • The values you entered into the measured fields may be incorrect. Verify that the measured values entered match the measurement data you collected from your instrument.

  • The values you entered into the target fields may be incorrect. Verify that you are using your intended test pattern and that the target values entered into the target fields match the expected chromaticity and luminance of the measured test pattern.

  • Desired luminance target may not be achievable. iPad displays are engineered to be the best in the industry. All displays may be susceptible to reduced brightness levels as the display ages over time, which may make your luminance target no longer achievable. In this case, the display's white point accuracy can still be maintained.

Use Reference Mode with Sidecar

Requires a Mac with Apple silicon

If you're using Sidecar to extend or mirror your Mac desktop to your iPad Pro, you can turn on Reference Mode to use your iPad Pro as a secondary reference monitor:

  1. On your iPad, turn on Reference Mode.

  2. On your Mac, choose a reference preset. You can use one of these presets (with the corresponding colour standards and video formats that are supported by Reference Mode in brackets):

    • HDTV Video (BT.709)

    • NTSC Video (BT.601 SMPTE-C)

    • PAL & SECAM Video (BT.601 EBU)

    • Internet & Web (sRGB)

    • HDR Video (HDR10 BT.2100 PQ, BT.2100 HLG Dolby Vision Profile 8.4, Dolby Vision Profile 5)

  3. Move a Mac window to your iPad.

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